Sex Education in Malaysia free essay sample

These days, there are numerous social issues identified with adolescents in our nation particularly infant dumping. The administration had declared that the best approach to conquer this issue is sex training ought to be educated to kids at their initial age. Notwithstanding, on my perspective kids are too youthful to even consider learning sex instruction and instructors are not positive about showing sex training. Initially, youngsters are too youthful to even think about learning sex training. This is on the grounds that at the early age, kids are anxious to attempt new things and get new encounters. In this manner, when they learn sex instruction, it will make them to rehearse it and lead them to have early intercourse. Besides ,kids otherwise called terrible chiefs. This is on the grounds that kids are excessively youthful and juvenile, along these lines they don't know to separate the products and awful for them. At the point when, they learn sex training, they will presented to another condition which they don't have any limit to talk about sex without knowing the negative or beneficial outcomes. We will compose a custom exposition test on Sex Education in Malaysia or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page All in all, sex training be educated to youngsters at their initial age ought to be annulled in light of the fact that kids are youthful and terrible leaders. Besides, sex instruction ought to be abrogated in light of the fact that educators are not certain about showing sex training. This is on the grounds that educators have recognized the absence of formal preparing in showing sex instruction. In this manner, instructors experience issues to encourage understudies and it is additionally will make understudies less comprehend the subject which will give many negative impacts than constructive outcomes. Likewise, sex training contains touchy issues and this will make educators hard to give full clarification about the subject. Hence, understudies will turn out to be increasingly befuddled without any problem. It is on the grounds that, the instructors don't have the foggiest idea about the best clarification to cause understudies to see better. Taking everything into account, sex instruction ought to be nullified on the grounds that instructors are not decidedly ready to show the subject. All in all, sex instruction be educated to youngsters at their initial age ought to be annulled as it gives many negative impacts. Along these lines, guardians ought to ingrain their kids with more prominent Islamic qualities.

Law Enforcement Challenges Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law Enforcement Challenges - Assignment Example Thusly, the law upholding offices are confronted with difficulties, for example, recognition of wrongdoing and its proof (Brenner, 2010). In any criminal equity examination, the proof is a very crucial factor since it must be gathered from the site of an identified wrongdoing, it must be safeguarded securely and ought not be messed with, and in the long run, it ought to be inspected following assortment. In this manner, is such wrongdoing cases recognizing the wrongdoing itself and gathering proof that accompanies the wrongdoing is trying since various crooks engaged with these violations consistently erase and clear information from their PCs so as to totally demolish the proof. What's more, others generally adjust the information in order to give some distinction from the past proof of the wrongdoing. Time being a basic factor here, various examinations come up short since twenty-four hours appear to be late to recuperate proof from PCs which have programmed cleaning applications just on the off chance that an off-base key is squeezed. Nonetheless, for law upholding offices with uncommon apparatuses and specialists who can without much of a stretch access any information, regardless of whether erased or altered, acquiring proof is simple and viable so long they act quicker. Decisively, in criminal equity, locale alludes to the body or rather the position which is taking care of a specific case. This reaches out to topographical outlines and legitimate limitations on the kind of courts to hear various cases. In numerous states, a law implementing office has purview over crimes that happen in a specific geographic area where the organization has authority; area of a wrongdoing, the area of casualty or culprit. In this way, covering locale alludes to the purview that is practiced at the same time by a few courts inside a similar domain over comparative topic. Additionally, it covering locale can likewise be alluded to as a ward which is shared by more than one state over land boundaries.â Â â

Global Warming and Solutions to the Problem

Global Warming and Solutions to the Problem Global Warming Nov 15, 2018 in Coursework Global Warming as a Irrecoverable Problem Changing climatic trends usually have effects on the health of all living beings, and many health organizations have emphasized the importance of finding solutions to the problem. The extent of the climate change is a worrying trend, and the society is becoming more concerned with the situation. The purpose of this paper is to outline the health concerns of climate change, compare the situation in some countries, and recommend strategies that nurses could use to promote health. Health Concerns Related to Global Climate Change Climate change has been caused by the rise of many industries that engage in manufacturing activities, with emitting their waste to the environment. The wastes pollute important resources, such as water bodies and air, which in turn leads to the interruption of the normal environmental cycles such as rain formation (Levine What Works Working Group, 2007). With changes in the climate patterns, global warming suffices to lead to the occurrences of floods and hurricanes. The general effect of the change in climatic conditions is the variation of the normal weather patterns (Afzal, 2007). For example, heat waves could cause conditions such as dehydration and heat stroke, which are the leading causes of deaths due to adverse weather conditions.

Subsidies Essay Online For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2250 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Essay any type Did you like this example? Introduction Following its election to power in May 2015, the British Conservative Government announced a Spending Review in which it set outs its vision for restructuring the UK economy, with the specific purpose of reducing the public deficit (Muinzer, 2015). A key announcement made in the Spending Review, and currently out for public consultation, is the proposal to make significant cuts to the solar power subsidy scheme which has been in operation for the past five years (Clark, 2015). Debate rages between detractors and supporters of the proposals of the possible economic and environmental impact of the changes. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Subsidies Essay Online For Free" essay for you Create order The purpose of this report is to discuss and evaluate the outcomes of the policy changes, should they be enacted from January 2016. The paper proceeds as follows. In order to understand the likely impact of the changes, it is necessary to appreciate the political, environmental and economic context in which the solar power subsidies were first initiated; thus, the opening section of the report provides an overview of, and background to the current policy framework, and a more detailed discussion of the proposed changes. Next, the economic impact of the changes is discussed, followed by an evaluation of the environmental changes. A brief conclusion summarises the papers key points. An overview of the current and proposed policy framework Support for solar power generation in the UK is comprised of two key subsidy packages à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the Renewables Obligation (RO) scheme and the Feed in Tariff (FiT) scheme (Kay, 2015). The Renewable Obligations scheme is a broad package of support which places a duty on the countrys licensed electricity suppliers to source a certain proportion of their electricity from renewable sources including biomass, hydroelectric, wind power, tidal power and solar power (photovoltaic cells, also known as solar PV) (Wood and Dow, 2011). The obligation was initially set at 3 per cent, rising to 15.4 per cent in 2015. The current total subsidy that is available to RO generators is estimated at some  £500 million per year up to 2037 (Knowles, 2013). The Feed in Tariff scheme is in essence a small-scale version of the RO (Kay, 2015). It was launched in 2010 and was aimed at providing subsidies for installations of solar power generation of under 50 kilowatts (kW) at the household and firm level (Cherrington, Goodship, Longfield and Kirwan, 2013). Under the terms of the scheme, firms and householders are rewarded with a payment for every kilowatt hour (kWh) of renewable power that they generate for use on their own premises, and additional payment for unused power that can be exported back to the grid and redistributed for use elsewhere (Allan, Eromenko, Gilmartin, Kockar andMcGregor, 2015). Although, like the RO, the FiT can be used to support the generation of power from a myriad of renewable sources, solar power is the technology that dominates the scheme. According to Kay (2015, p. 38), Solar PV accounts for 98.8% of the installations under FiT since 2010 and 84.5% of capacity. Generally, both schemes have been highly successful, which, paradoxically, analysts highlight as the key driver for the proposed policy changes. Grubb (2014, p. 339), for example, argues that the FiT in particular has become a victim of its own success: the solar surprise combin ed unimagined rates of growth with rapid cost reductions. In 2014, the UK capacity for solar PV increased by some 81 per cent à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" more than double that of the previous year (Kay, 2015). However, the government has announced that it can no longer afford to subsidise solar power production. In announcing the proposals, the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) stated that If cost control measures are not implemented or effective in ensuring that expenditure under the scheme is affordable and sustainable, government proposes that the only alternative would be to end generation tariffs for new applicants as soon as legislatively possible, which we expect to be January 2016, while keeping the export tariff as a route to market for the renewable electricity they generate (cited in Morales, 2015, online). It is proposed that subsidies to the solar power programme will be reduced by up to 87 per cent from January 2016 (Morales, 2015). The budget for support for ass istance on renewable installations is likely to be capped at  £75 million pounds to March 2019, and end thereafter, while subsidies under the FiT programme would fall to 1.63 pence per kWh from the current value of 12.47 pence (Newbery, 2015). The economic impact of the policy changes Discussion on the economic impact of the policy changes has been focused on the microeconomic impact (specifically pertaining to the solar power industry itself), and the wider macroeconomic impact. At the microeconomic level, it is argued that the survival of the embryonic, yet burgeoning solar power industry would be under threat if the proposals were to become reality (MacAlister, 2015). Firstly, industry analysts are anxious of a rush on the solar power market caused by the establishment of a target date for the cuts to the FiT scheme. Demand for solar installations are likely to surge among those seeking to get cheap installations before subsidies are removed (MacAlister, 2015). For instance, even though the policy proposals have not been confirmed or implemented, industry supplier Energy My Way is now calling on consumers to get solar panels on your roof before 31 December 2015 to lock in the Solar Feed in Tariff for 20 years (Eades, 2015, online). Accommodating such enormous demand in such a small amount of time can cause a drop in the quality and performance of installations, which may lead to supplier closures (Eades, 2015). There is also the possibility of closures arising as a consequence of lowered demand for solar power installations and the job losses that may ensue (Mathieson, 2015). The lowering and removal of subsidies will make solar power less competitive relative to alternative forms of power, including both renewables and fossil fuels (Reid and Wynn, 2015). This will likely spur consumers that are considering switching to renewable energy sources to make the switch to cheaper sources, and will convince others not to make the switch at all. For instance, Mathieson (2015) points out that the current, subsidised cost of solar PV works out at around  £80 per megawatt hour (mWh), which is considerably more expensive than fossil fuels (around  £50 per mWh). Lowering, and eventually removing the subsidies will increase the real, and opportunity costs of solar power relative to fossil fuels which could kill the industry altogether. For this reason, the industry trade body, the Solar Trade Association has called for governmental support for the industry until 2020, after which it believes that it will have the capacity to operate without state support (Solar Trade Association, 2015). However, some commentators have argued that the lowering, and eventual removal of subsidies will actually encourage greater competition in the wider clean energy sector. Newbery (2015), for example, argues that a mature, efficient clean energy sector must be self-reliant and self-sustaining and should operate without state intervention and support. He argues that a market based scheme, such as the auction scheme which characterizes the carbon market, would encourage suppliers to improve investments in technology, to innovate, to lower costs and to act more competitively. Over time, this would strengthen, rather than weaken th e economic performance of the industry, and its contribution to the wider economy. At the macroeconomic level, it has been suggested that the lowering and eventual removal of subsidies for the solar energy industry will free up public funds that can be better used elsewhere to help the government to achieve its goal of repairing public finances (Kay, 2015). In 2013, the subsidy programme cost the British taxpayer some  £650 million; the equivalent figure in 2014 was  £850 million (Morales, 2015). Under its Levy Control Framework, the government did set a spending cap of  £7.6 billion on subsidy expenditure by 2020-2021, but DECC analysis found that the number of solar farms that have so far been established is so great that the cap is expected to be exceeded by some  £1.5 billion (Clark, 2015). This money, it is argued can be used to help reduce public expenditure, or can be invested elsewhere to boost the economy (Newbery, 2015; Reid and Wynn, 2015). Furthermore, it is argued that the removal of subsidies will spur greater investment in solar power by the private sector, which is a source of more productive capital than public finds (Newbery, 2015). However, commentators have pointed out that these cost savings must be balanced against the possibility of the British government having to pay the European Union (EU) a fine for failing to achieved its legally mandated goal relating to the reduction in carbon emissions. If, as the government itself predicts, 1 million more tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) are emitted per year (due to falling demand for solar power microgeneration installations), the government should expect to pay a fine in the region of  £610 million by 2055-2056 (Bennett, 2015). The environmental impact of the policy changes The British government produced its own environmental impact assessment report which outlines the likely consequences of the proposed policy changes on take up of small, medium and commercial scale solar power (Department for Energy and Climate Change, 2015). The impact assessment report highlights that the changes will likely result in a lowered capacity for small-scale renewable microgeneration. The availability of subsidies has been directly responsible for the installation of around 3.3 gigawatts of renewable power capacity over the past five years, and 83 per cent of that added capacity has come directly from solar power technology (Morales, 2015). The cutbacks to the feed in tariff payments are expected to lead to a reduction of more than 6.1 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2020-2021, with the largest drop expected to come from the solar sector (Department for Energy and Climate Change, 2015). It is envisaged that around 890,000 fewer households will decide to install sola r panels over the five years after the changes come into force. The likely environmental impact of the proposals has been widely discussed by the green lobby both in the UK, and across Europe more widely. These bodies argue that the developments are likely to have adverse knock on effects for carbon emission levels and the ability of the UK to reach its carbon emissions targets (a lowering of total carbon emissions by 2050 by 80 per cent below 1990 levels) (Bennett, 2015). This is because, as discussed earlier, the reduction and removal of subsidies amounts to an increase in the cost of solar power production relative to alternative methods of energy production, which will disincentivise households and businesses from taking up solar power microgeneration activities, and could lead to a relative increase in the use of fossil fuels (Solar Trade Association, 2015). This could cause an increase in the total level of CO2 emissions coming from within the United Kingdoms borders. One m id-range estimate is that around 1 million more tonnes of carbon will be emitted every year (Bennett, 2015). Conclusion The proposed changes to the policy framework for solar power subsidies is currently out for public consultation. The consultation will end on October 23rd 2015. It is therefore not possible to state with any accuracy what the future political, economic and financial framework for solar power will look like. However, the analysis presented above suggests that the impact of a lowering and eventual removal of subsidies for solar power technology at the both the small-scale and the commercial scales is likely to be substantial. However, the economic impact could be positive or negative. The very existence of the solar industry could be under threat; alternatively, the industry could be encouraged to become more efficient and competitive. The performance of the British economy could be enhanced, but this could be mitigated by the need to compensate the EU for failing to meet carbon reduction targets. The environmental impact could also be devastating if demand for solar power installati ons and solar PV capacity are reduced. References Allan, G., Eromenko, I., Gilmartin, M., Kockar, I., McGregor, P. (2015). The economics of distributed energy generation: A literature review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 42, 543-556. Bennett, P. (2015). Uk government proposes hugely damaging solar support cuts. Online at https://www.pv-tech.org/news/uk_government_proposes_hugely_damaging_solar_support_cuts Cherrington, R., Goodship, V., Longfield, A., Kirwan, K. (2013). The feed-in tariff in the UK: a case study focus on domestic photovoltaic systems. Renewable Energy, 50, 421-426. Clark, P. (2015). Renewable power subsidies to be cut back. Online at https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/4c2258b4-3045-11e5-8873-775ba7c2ea3d.html Department for Energy and Climate Change (2015). Periodic Review of FITs 2015. IA No. DECC0196. London: Department for Energy and Climate Change Eades, J. (2015). Drastic cuts to Feed-in Tariff. Our Advice? Rush but Dont Trip https://www.energymyway.co.uk/news/drastic-cuts-to-feed-in-tariff-our-advice-rush-but-dont-trip/ Grubb, M. (2014). Planetary Economics. London: Routledge Kay, A. (2015). Subsidy-free solar in the UK. Renewable Energy Focus, 16(2), 38-40. Knowles, M. (2013). UK electricity market: financiers are holding the government over a barrel. Online at https://www.energypost.eu/uk-electricity-market-financiers-holding-government-barrel/ Morales, A. (2015). U.K. to End Small-Scale Renewables Aid in Blow to Solar. Online at https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-08-27/u-k-proposes-to-end-feed-in-tariffs-for-renewable-energy MacAlister (2015). Slashing household solar subsidies will kill off industry, government told. Online at https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/aug/27/slashing-household-solar-subsides-kill-off-industry-government-feed-in-tariff Muinzer, T. L. (2015). To PV or Not to PV: An Analysis of the High Courts Recent Treatment of Solar Energy. Environmental. Law Review, 17(2), 128 135 Newbery, D. (2015). Reforming UK energy policy to live within its means. Energy Policy Review Group Working Paper No. 1516. Cambridge University. Reid, G., Wynn, G. (2015). The Future of Solar Power in the United Kingdom. Energies, 8(8), 7818-7832. Solar Trade Association (2015). The Solar Independence Plan for Britain. London: Solar Trade Association Wood, G., Dow, S. (2011). What lessons have been learned in reforming the Renewables Obligation? An analysis of internal and external failures in UK renewable energy policy. Energy Policy, 39(5), 2228-2244.

Examples Of Determining Animal Behavior And Abundance In...

Determining animal behavior and abundance in the wild can be difficult and methods between researchers will vary. In many cases, different causes for preferences are found for similar groups due to the variety of methods. This is important because most models of animal abundance are based on previous findings on abundance and factors affecting area preference. With vulnerable animals these models are used to determine how to protect certain species by protecting particular areas. Therefore, truly understanding what influences an animals preference to a particular area is critical to protecting certain species. The following two papers, Sheppard and Wirsing, assess two populations of Dugongs and their preferences in those areas. A†¦show more content†¦Major differences in sampling methods could have effected the studies determination of dugong abundance and area of preference. Sheppards study individually tracked 7 dugongs, while Wirsings study recorded observations of 528 in dividuals passing in a transect. To start, the sample sizes could affect results of dugong abundance for the two studies. For one, a sample of 7 mostly adult male dugongs; 5 adult males, 1 unknown maturity male, and 1 adult female; out of a fluctuating 600 to 2,500 population, would not be representative of the population. Male and Female nutritional needs differ along with mature and immature individuals needs and just overall individual health and life stage. Therefore, while this study suggests that dugongs prefer sea grass patches with high N concentrations when available over high biomass, this can be partially applied to adult males ranging from 2.2M-3M, sample size still a bit small, but certainly not for entire populations. On the other hand Wirsing observed 528 individuals out of a fluctuating 10,000-14,000. This is more representative of the population, especially considering it wasnt a bias sampling with gender or maturity. Thus using a larger sample allows a better repre sentation of preferences and abundance of a population. On the other hand, SheppardsShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of The White Rhino2826 Words   |  12 Pageshumans (â€Å"Foundational Concepts†2014). Humans have caused severe environmental changes such as global warming, loss of environment, animal trafficking, pollution of toxic chemicals and trash, and poaching. It’s estimated that 905 species are extinct and 16,928 are listed as endangered (â€Å"Endangered Species International† 2015). The white rhino is one of the biggest examples. There is only one male left in the world, which is now being guarded by African armed forces. Over the years, scientists have comeRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pages7-9). 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Robespierre †Evil or Virtuous Free Essays

string(48) " your quality of Judge from that of Legislator\." Robespierre: Evil or Virtuous? â€Å"Virtue, without which terror is destructive; terror, without which virtue is impotent† (Zizek). Maximilien Robespierre said this in a speech when people were starting to question his judgment. He believed that to be only virtuous was difficult, and without some terror added in, the world would go into turmoil as no one would follow their leader. We will write a custom essay sample on Robespierre – Evil or Virtuous? or any similar topic only for you Order Now A leader has to be strong and forceful, and sometimes even terrifying to get their point across, or to get people to follow them. Robespierre always wanted what was best for France and was willing to do anything to get it, even if that meant causing harm to the people of France. He felt that as long as the outcome of his hard work came with the results he wanted, anything he did was justified. Despite all the horror of the Reign of Terror, Maximilien Robespierre was a virtuous man. He not only reacted to the problems in France with determination, but he created a clear program to help France in this troubled time. He also was the leader of many committees and he established many laws to further the French Revolution. Even when some of the people of France started to turn against him, he produced a program to help them, not to harm them. Robespierre always had France’s best interests at heart. He never wanted to have to use terror as a means of moving the French Revolution forwards, but he believed it had to happen for the better of France. He was a virtuous man from the beginning right up until the end and for that, he will be well remembered. In 1788, France was in turmoil and panic. France was going bankrupt and King Louis had to deal with disaster after disaster. The coldest winter in the history of France in seventy-nine years fell upon the nation. The price of bread almost doubled, the peasantry began to starve, and famine threatened whole sections of the population. By the end of 1788, Louis XVI received over eight hundred petitions demanding that the Commons, the Third Estate, have as many votes as the clergy and nobility combined in the Estates-General (Blumberg 291). By late November, King Louis became desperate and issued a proclamation convening the Estates-General for the following May, showing that already he was losing power over his people. Robespierre was elected as one of the twenty-four representatives of the Third Estate for Arras. He came in with a calm determination to fix everything and began to make his mark in history. As soon as the summoning of the Estates-General was proclaimed, Robespierre conceived the idea of seeking election. Unlike others who claimed to speak to the whole of France, he thought it better to deal with local matters, thus providing the people with issues of more immediate interest. Robespierre believed that the Estates were not representative since they were â€Å"constituted of a league of a few citizens who had seized power which belongs only to the people† (Matrat 43). He thought that the First Estate held their seats only by virtue of their rank, and not by election and did not believe that this was fair. â€Å"By what right have they excluded the cures, the class that is without contradiction the most numerous; the most useful of this body; the most valuable because of the close relationship which binds it to the needs and interests of the people† (Matrat 43)? Robespierre went on to consider the composition of the Second Estate and found it no more representative. As for the Third Estate, he stressed that they represented neither the townspeople nor the country folk. Robespierre also protested strongly against forced labour among the farmers of Hainaut, which brought him the favour of these people as well as respect from many others. Robespierre was also in the National Assembly and was trying his hardest to restore the rights of man to his country. During these years, he earned a reputation for integrity and developed eloquence in his speeches that drew increasing attention from the Assembly. Robespierre proposed the self-denying law which made all the delegates to the first Assembly of 1789 ineligible for the second in 1791 and he also argued that liberty could not be spread by force. The Royal Family of France’s attempted escape on June 20th, 1791 made many people very unhappy with the King. The mob, ever ready to exercise the uncontrolled Rights of Men, made a mock parade of the King’s Arms in the market places, and, dashing them and the figure of a crown to the ground, they trampled upon them, crying out, â€Å"Since the King has abandoned what he owed to his high situation, let us trample upon the ensigns of royalty† (Ascherson 48)! The Royal Family not only lost many of its followers through their attempted escape, but also because King Louis XVI kept making bad decisions, ones that had no benefit to France or its people. The people wanted someone who would lead them into a revolution and change France for the better, not because they wanted the power, but because they believed in France and wanted it to become a great nation. That man was Robespierre, who after the flight of the King followed the Jacobin club in its move toward republicanism. He called for universal male suffrage and the end of property qualifications for voting and office holding (Blumberg 290). Robespierre wanted to make France a republic, a government for the people and by the people, a country where everyone had the freedoms and rights they deserved. In January of 1793, Robespierre voted on whether or not he thought that King Louis should be executed for his actions. At the Convention on the trial of the King, he looked towards the judges and stated; Because you have established yourselves the judge of Louis, without the usual forms, are you less his judges? You cannot separate your quality of Judge from that of Legislator. You read "Robespierre – Evil or Virtuous?" in category "Essay examples" These two qualities are indivisible. You have acknowledged the crimes of the tyrant. It is your duty to punish them. No consideration should make you hesitate respecting the punishment reserved for the greatest criminal that ever existed. I vote for the punishment of death (Ascherson 84). Robespierre led the beginning of other members of the Assembly leaders voting for the Kings death. Out of a total of seven hundred and forty-five members, three hundred and sixty-six voted for King Louis death that was carried out on January 25th, 1793 (Ascherson 86-7). After the Kings death, Robespierre stood up as the leader of France and the Jacobins and began his attempts to make France the nation he hoped it would someday become. Robespierre accomplished much, establishing many committees and laws to further the French Revolution. The Declaration of the Rights of Man proclaimed freedom, propriety, the safety of the individual, resistance to oppression, the sovereignty of the nation, the participation of all citizens in the drawing up of laws, and the admission of all to situations and honours, with no other distinction than that of their virtues and their talents (Kreis). Robespierre believed in the Declaration and was against the establishment of any censorship. There ought to be no compromise in the matter. The freedom of the press ought to be established without any reservation. Free men cannot set out their rights in equivocal terms. Freedom of the press is the corollary of freedom of speech. In a free state each citizen is a guardian of freedom, who must shout at the smallest rumour, and at the least sight of any danger which threatens it (Matrat 67). Robespierre argued his beliefs and his dreams not only for himself, but for those people who did not have a voice. He argued for the people of France. Through newspapers and word of mouth, Robespierre became known as one of the most diligent defenders of the people. He made many speeches and put forth many proposals in the National Assembly that spoke on the changes he wanted to make in France. One such proposal was to create a tribunal made up of members of the Assembly who would be concerned with â€Å"plots and conspiracies against the people and freedom† (Matrat 79). Then the people, certain of the punishment of its enemies, would feel reassured and would calm down. When Robespierre was elected as the president of the Jacobins in March of 1790 he reacted with determination and a clear program. The nation had to mobilize all its resources for the war against Austria, draft every available man, ration food fix prices and wages, weed out opposition at home, punish slackers, speculators, and food hoarders, and suspend due process of law to accelerate the arrests of counterrevolutionaries (Blumberg 291). In April on 1793, the Committee of Public Safety replaced the Committee for General Defence with nine members. The Committee of Public Safety formed to keep chaos from reigning over France as counter-revolutionaries rebelled against the new French government. Soon after the Committee was established, the Convention elected Robespierre to the Committee. Robespierre wanted to rally the masses to Jacobin doctrines and so he set up three laws to give them substantial advantages. One law set up the sale of the possessions of emigres in small lots, with a period of ten years for payment to be made. This made it possible for the less wealthy peasants to buy land (Duhaime). Another law provided for the subdivision of communal property in equal portions and the third law abolished hierarchy rights and dues founded on ancient charters. Finally, to cushion the effect of rising prices there was a general increase in the salaries of civil servants (Matrat 204). As Robespierre’s reign went on more and more people started attacking him, believing that he was working against the Revolution. Robespierre heard the people whispering about him when they thought he was not listening, but he was listening all the time. In a speech, he announced to everybody that he knew people where against them, but he wanted them to say it to his face. One man then spoke up against him and accused him. Robespierre looked at the man calmly and did not criticize him, but thanked him. â€Å"Citizen, you had the courage to accuse me of wanting to be my country’s enemy, in the face of the people’s representatives, in this very place where I defended their rights. I thank you. I recognize in this deed the citizenship that characterizes the famous city that has sent you† (Matrat 175). Robespierre wanted to give the people a chance to speak their mind, but he always defended himself against the crimes that they claimed he did. When being accused of â€Å"having ceaselessly slandered the purest patriots† (Matrat 178), Robespierre came back with a speech that was calm and precise, one that made a strong impression and won him back some of the people of France. While in the Committee of Public Safety, Robespierre continued to prove to the people that he was indeed on their side. He knew that there were some who criticized the committee for its military policy, but also knew that they could only do so with the intention of embarrassing the government. I realize that there is a scheme for paralyzing the Committee of Public Safety, by seeming to help it in its work, and that people are trying to vilify the executive power so that they can say that there is no longer an authority in France capable of holding the reins of government. The fact is that they want our places. Well, let them take them! I would like to see them, night and day, probing the wounds of the state, and spending their lives in finding a remedy for them. Do they want to extenuate out labours, or do they want to lead us to counter-revolution by betraying patriots in the hearts of the people (Matrat 223)? As always, Robespierre had captivated the crowd and won their applause. He proved that the job he was doing was hard, and that if others wanted to take over, they would not be able too. They would only lead to the downfall of France. The war against Austria was over in the spring of 1794 and the French armies began to come home. Robespierre continued to murder those he thought were against him and France but the people no longer understood his actions. Up to a certain point the Terror had been justified by reverses in the war, but France was now victorious. Robespierre was being called a tyrant for his murderous ways but he had a different view on the matter. â€Å"They call me tyrant. If I were, they would grovel at my feet, I would gorge them with gold, I would give them the right to commit any crime† (Matrat 267). Even with the people of France turning against him and calling him a tyrant, he continued to do his best to help them. Robespierre set up a program for France that included a guarantee of food for everyone at low prices, distribution of land to the poor, public education, social security for the aged, ill and injured, and a progressive income tax (Blumberg 292). Robespierre was the power and change France needed right up until the very end and no matter what the people did to him, said to him, or thought of him, he kept to his goals for France. Robespierre wanted a revolution, he wanted change and he, without a doubt brought it to France. Of all the Chiefs of the different groups which have successively reigned in the volcano of the French Revolution, Robespierre was the man whose Government promised to be the most durable; because he had the character of being the most incorruptible, and of being the man who had shown the least variation in his conduct (Ascherson 115). Despite all the horror of the Reign of Terror, Maximilien Robespierre was a virtuous man. When France was in turmoil and panic Robespierre came in to fix everything and helped move France forward and push the Revolution onwards. He was a leader in the Committee of Public Safety and created laws all to try and help France. Even when people started to turn on him, he put forth a program to try and aid them. He cared about the people of France, and even France itself as a whole. Robespierre wanted France to change and develop into the country he knew it would someday be and he was willing to do anything to achieve this goal. How to cite Robespierre – Evil or Virtuous?, Essay examples

McDonald free essay sample

Final Report of McDonald Corporation May 2013 Abstract This Analysis has provided views on several aspects of McDonald’s company basics as well as its operating structure and management styles. Initially, McDonald’s basic company profile and mission are introduced, including its strategies, value and ethical values and practices. Then McDonald’s social and environmental responsibility are illustrated through examples and detailed numbers. The quality of service is also mentioned in the analysis to explain how McDonald’s has performed to satisfy millions of its customers. Organizational structure of McDonald’s has been examined in this analysis. The topic of how such a massive organization like McDonald’s is operating each of its functional department will be looked into with more details and facts. Several issues and problems have been observed along the McDonald’s operating history, such as the child obesity issue. These issues are also discussed in this analysis. In the end, McDonald’s leadership structure and style are analyzed. Through the extensive discussion of four aspects including motivating, emotional intelligence, team work and social skills, general facts and understandings are conveyed to readers. 1. Introduction McDonald Cooperation was founded in 1940 in America; it is also the worldwide largest chain of fast because of its most recognized brand and popularity. It has over 34,000 restaurants in 118 countries and provides service and food to over 69 million people each day. McDonald can create 15 billion annually. In addition, McDonald Cooperation focuses on its social activities to enhance their brand image. Such as sponsors world cup and football games (WWW. McDonalds. com). Due to their successful contribution and brand popularization, more and more people are interested in McDonald and be loyal to the company. In addition, McDonald gain lots of reputation and profits during the long history. This report is to explore different aspects, such as mission, strategies, values, external environment, leadership,management, structure and culture to analyze the whole effectiveness is positive in McDonald Corporation. 2. 1 McDonalds Mission As a world leading Food Company, the mission of the McDonald Company is to improve their social and environmental performance to satisfy the needs and requirements of the society and communities, the company also tries to cooperate with their suppliers and various restaurants to achieve the sustainable future. Based on the author Glavas and his colleagues, they claimed that the only approach to achieve sustainable business is to integrate shareholders, government and other departments and cooperate together to slove that. (Glavas et al, 2010) 2. 2Strategies In addition, the company forms a global strategy named plan to win which focuses on customer experience: people, Products, place, price and promotion. Their strategy is to enhance customers` experience. In other words, McDonald Company concentrates on customer experience and thoughts based on their efforts. Choosing the most suitable strategy position can develop their business and adapt to the complicated changing world. 2. 3 Value There are several values established in McDonald Company, the first one is taking customer experience as their core purpose. They want to provide the best quality and service to attract customers because customers are the main reason for their development and be profitable. The second one is responsible to their employees and make sure that these trained workers all have equal opportunities and promotions for their fair working environment and success future. Another value is to trust their system, McDonald Company uses their existing model which called â€Å"three legged stool† to balance the management of their owners, suppliers and employees. Besides, they also insist on managing their company ethically, which means the business in the company all seek for the high standard of fairness and integrity. In addition, McDonald also takes part in many different activities and help customers to build better communities, such as support the Ronald McDonald House Charities to improve the world a better place. Furthermore, the company also focuses on their business profitably and keep to improve their drawbacks. To achieve these goals, McDonald Company has to keep their system healthy and look for more innovative and productive methods(WWW. McDonalds.com). 3. Ethical values and practices McDonald’s is as the biggest fast food restaurant in the word. They are focusing their efforts on menu choice, physical activity, and consumer information. Apart from that, they still care about their social responsibility and their commitment to diversity seriously. A McDonald’s restaurant is operated by either a franchisee, an affil iate, or the corporation itself. They follow a standardized process to ensure same quality and it also reduces lead time. McDonald’s is not only concerning their net income and profit, but also caring about the quality of raw material. In the past 20 years, they devote to improve the sustainability of their supply chain. They will work with suppliers who, over time, follow practices to ensure that agricultural raw materials used for customer’s food and packaging originate from legal and sustainably managed land sources. For instance, their beef burgers are 100% beef with no fillers, extenders or preservatives, just their special blend of salt and pepper added after grilling. Otherwise, McDonald uses palm oil as a direct and indirect ingredient in various products what are better for customers’ health. In addition to this, as we know, chicken is very significant raw material for McDonald, but sustainability issue does arise related to land use for growth of poultry feed. Therefore, McDonald’s has developed a three-yeas plan to build on past actions and address these impacts going forward. 3. 1 Social responsibility Engaging in corporate social responsibility activities is considered by many as a necessity for any company. The statistics regarding obesity demonstrate the gravity of the problem which 72. 5 million adults in the United States are obese in August 2010. Furthermore, the problem of obesity is particularly of concern for children. Thus, McDonald’s extraordinarily pay attention to obesity and they change their menu options to offer more healthy and nutritious food. There has been some increase in number of items what are fruits, vegetables and etc. to provide to customers and it also has been 7 years, McDonald’s stopped offering super size sodas and fries. On the other hand, the happy meal offering to children was changed from traditional menu which has a hamburger or chicken nuggets with French fries and soda to automatically include a serving of apple slices and a smaller serving of French fries. The marketing of nutritional food choices is a major emphasis in the McDonald’s corporate social responsibility report. (A,F 2011) Furthermore, they also care about children who are illness and poor, then McDonald’s always offers effective medical, dental and education services to them. Some children who need extensive hospital care, McDonald’s also gives them rooms, foods for families are only $10 one day. Apart from that, McDonald’s also sponsor Olympic athletes(http://www. marketingteacher. com/swot/mcdonalds-swot. html). 3. 2 Environmental responsibility For environmental responsibility, McDonald’s increases adoption of energy-efficient equipment and technology in restaurants. Between 2011 to 2012, these equipment help them to avoid approximately 5 million in energy cost. In the future, they still would lay stress on improve tracking of restaurant energy consumption data and increase energy awareness and education across the system to continue to realize savings to the bottom line and benefits to the environment. 3. 3High quality of service McDonald’s has both indoor and outdoor services. Otherwise, McDonald’s has its own play places for children. This is special and difference from other competitors’ fast food restaurants. When Parents bring their kids to McDonald’s, kids will get super-fun and stress-free for parents. There are lots of 24 hours open of McDonald’s. While customers enjoy their favorite McDonald’s meal, they still could enjoy free Wi-Fi, they can access the internet using their laptops or PDAs at no charge. For outdoor service, McDonald’s still has drive through to convenient and save time for customers (WWW.McDonalds. com). 4. Structure including its use of team The McDonalds structure by department is as follow: at the top are the chairman and chief executive officer, and the chief operating officer. Below that, the departments are broken down into: corporate affairs, marketing, human resources, national operations, regional managers, finance, information, and strategic planning. And there are some other func tional departments within McDonalds like legal, customer services, franchising, security, supply chain and restaurant services. McDonald’s divided its worldwide market into 5 different segments: USA, Europe, Asia, Pacific, Latin America, Africa and Middle East. Each segment has its’ own management team. Let’s take a look at McDonald’s structure by workgroup in USA. At the top are the president and COO of McDonald’s in the USA, then the workgroup is divided into 3 parts by geography: west division, central division and east division. And there is a president in each division. Below are regional managers, in each region there are market managers, operational managers and regional human resource managers. After that is the supervisor, then comes the workgroup of a local store: store managers, first assistant, shift managers, and crow persons. The structures in other segments are similar with that of America(Cheffins, 1997). McDonald’s’ daily business is operated by work team in different level. For example in a local McDonald’s restaurant,there are a grill team, a drive thru team, a counter team, and a manager team. Every person on every team must work together in order to deliver their products and service properly, and thousands and thousands of this kind of functional teamwork consist the basic operation of McDonald’s. Another example is its marketing and advertising team, McDonald’s dedicated a specific team to focus on marketing and advertising, and they turned out to be very successful and valuable to the company, I believe every one of us knows the slogan â€Å"I’m lovin’ it†, and know this sign, this is the achievement this work team has bought to McDonald’s(Goldman et al, 2008). 5. Leadership 5. 1 The meaning of leadership In this essay, before we start the McDonald’s leadership style, we should know what leadership is. Leadership is the ability to move a group towards a common goal that would not be met if a leader had not been there (Graham, 1997). To achieve the goal, leaders will use different methods. There are around three main styles of leadership: autocratic leadership, democratic leadership and laissez-faire leadership (Carlin Jess, 2012). Autocratic leadership means the leaders would come up with a solution for the entire group on their own. The leaders want everything to follow their orders and want to decide for all the groups when facing some choices (Dessler Starke, 2004). Democratic leadership is the leader who will take the suggestions from others and will talk more with the staff in order to make a decision for the group (Dessler Starke, 2004). Laissez-fairs leadership means the leaders do not give their staff too much guidance and they want their group members make decisions by themselves (Dessler Starke, 2004). 5. 2 McDonald’s leadership style According to McDonald’s background, democratic leadership style is the best fit, because people who work in McDonald’s are very kind and helpful. Moreover McDonald’s also adopt different leadership skills to educate their employees, such as motivating, emotional intelligence, team work and social skills. 5. 2. 1Motivating McDonald’s offers employees a various levels of training in order to increase the opportunities. If the employees stay in McDonald’s for a long time, they would have the chance to advance into an assistant manager or manager position (McDonald’s Corporation, 2008). It is very important for young guys and for someone with no learned skills, even for the least educated person. This rule in McDonald’s is the opportunity for those who cannot finish their studies in college or university. All the employees who work hard can have the chance move into a manager position and continue their career in the company. This rule is fair to everyone who works in McDonald’s, and it can motivate every employee work hard and devote themselves into this company. 5. 2. 2 Emotional Intelligence Emotional intelligence played an important role in the company’s highest level. The more emotional intelligence capabilities the managers have, the more effectively they perform in work (Goleman, 1998). Such as in McDonald’s, Don Thompson as a President and Chief Executive Officer, leads the world’s largest foodservice company (McDonald’s Corporation, 2008). He has emotional intelligence, so â€Å"during his 23 years at McDonald’s, he helped  drive business results and global strategic innovations across the organization† (McDonald’s Corporation, 2008). He taught his employees to smile to every customer and each other. That is why when we enter McDonald’s, we will feel very comfortable. If a leader has high emotional intelligence, he would control him self very, and he would help the others learn how to treat each other friendly. So a good leader not only can make a great progress, but also he can lead the company into a higher level, what’s more, he can use a democratic leadership to make everyone believe in him and follow his steps.