The Treatment Of Breast Cancer - 1761 Words

Introduction Breast cancer is the third commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia and the most common in women. This report sets out to investiage the main pathologies of breast cancer including its aetiology, demographics in Australia and how it metastasies. It than explores the main 99mTc based radiopharmaceuticals used in bone imaging for the detection of these metastases and quantitively compares them, to determine the superiority of each. Finally the report compares the efficacy of bone scans compared against other diagnostic techniques to determine the superior method to detect bone metastases in breast cancer paitents. Pathology There are many factors that increase ones risk of developing breast cancer. The most common aetiology of†¦show more content†¦It is estimated in Australia that 1 in 16 people will develop breast cancer by the time they turn 85. Breast cancer is the fourth most common form of cancer death in Australia. In 2012 there were 2819 record deaths from breast cancer in Australia and has a standard mortality rate of 11 in 100,000 people diagnosed and 1 in 74 once they have reached 85. Overall in Australia, the incidence of breast cancer is increasing rapidly from 5,368 people diagnosed in 1982 to 14,568 in 2011, with the standardised incidence rate increasing from 44 to 60 in every 100,000 people. While the number of deaths from breast cancer has increased in Australia from 1,435 in 1968 to 2819 in 2012 the overall survival rate has increased from 72% to 90% due to the growing and ageing population accompanied by increasing technologies (Cancer Australia, 2015). Breast cancer metastases are defined when the localised breast cancer spreads to distant sites beyond the breast and axillary lymph nodes. The main sites for breast cancer metastasises include lymph nodes, bone, brain, liver and the lungs (Uematsu, et al 2005). The process of breast cancer metastases is as follows. Firstly, the primary tumour undergoes cell division and growth. This then causes the invasion of the primary tumour into the basement membrane tissue surrounding the cell. The tumour than moves into the bloodstream and/or lymph channels

The Sensible Thing, by F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1643 Words

A Sensible Man with Sensible Writing The Sensible Thing, by F. Scott Fitzgerald shares numerous characteristics with his other writings. Like many writers, his work was heavily influenced by his life. Published criticisms note similarities between attitudes of the Roaring Twenties. In order to interpret The Sensible Thing, it is necessary to examine F. Scott Fitzgeralds life and work. The materialistic, free-thinking ideas characterizing greatly influenced the writings of F. Scott Fitzgerald. Furthermore, his relationship with Zelda Sayer, like a roller coaster, went through many ups and downs, and this continued throughout his life. After a courtship of a year and a half, (Bloom 83) Fitzgerald finally thought he made the fortune†¦show more content†¦The vanities add insecurities of man from Robert Murray Davis view were often topics in Fitzgeralds works. Possessing too much or too little looks, money, and position created situations bringing about the characters problems (Hall 6:167). In The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby must overcome these factors in order to move on in life. As Marius Bewley believed, the American Dream, included wealth add happiness, and this was almost always a subject matter for Fitzgerald. Scott Fitzgeralds novels have been based on a concept of class (Bloom 23). He knew that money played a tremendous role in all areas of life, and he b elieves happiness cannot exist without money. Bewley, citing Fitzgeralds recognition that money burs the happiness of wealth, calls Fitzgerald the first American writer to discover that such a thing as American class really existed (24). Throughout Fitzgeralds novels and short stories, a familiar theme appears which is using money and success to regain happiness or lost love. As Alfred Kazin notes, Fitzgeralds main characters repeatedly attempted to buy happiness. From The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby merely wanted to buy back the happiness he had lost-Daisy, now the rich mans wife-when he had gone away to war (Poupard 14151). Always throwing parties, Gatsby continuously was reaching out to make out of glamour what he had lost by cruelty of chance (14:152). TheShow MoreRelatedThe Sensible Thing By F. Scott Fitzgerald963 Words   |  4 Pagesfollow the deeper meaning of â€Å"I Love You,† which is to hold someone’s hand and overcome all obstacles with him or her. Sometimes love is not as easy as we expect because we do not know how to love someone. In the short story, â€Å"The Sensible Thing† by F. Scott Fitzgerald states that in reality, love is not romantic and it does not last long easily when d istance and money are issues. A long-distance relationship is more difficult than people’s expectation. People think a long-distance relationshipRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Literary Analysis741 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The Great Gatsby† by F. Scott Fitzgerald was on the the greatest pieces of American literature ever constructed. F. Scott Fitzgerald is considered one of the five greatest authors in American history. His Book â€Å"The Great Gatsby† was named the third most important book in American literature. An article by John A. Pidgeon it says â€Å"I am absolutely convinced that â€Å"The Great Gatsby† is one of the finest of american literature†(Pidgeon) â€Å"The Great Gatsby† is clearly a highly thought of piece of literatureRead MoreThe Great Gatsby : An American Nightmare1226 Words   |  5 Pagesnot. The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, presents the issue in pursuing the impossible: the American Dream. A dream in which all are â€Å"able to attai n to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable† (Adams 215). Unfortunately, the latter does not hold true. In Fitzgerald’s own endeavour to lead a successful life, his professional advances conflicted with his ability to maintain a healthy relationship with his wife. Regardless of his abilities, Fitzgerald would not have ever been ableRead MoreThe Influence of Fitzgerals Personal Life on The Gerat Gastby1035 Words   |  5 PagesFitzgerald’s Personal Life on The Great Gatsby Many authors find inspiration through real life experiences and transform them into works of literature to match how they want to portray them. Fitzgerald is no different, in fact, his personal life is a crucial factor in his writing style. Fitzgerald grew up with increasing numbers of difficulties, but found his way around them and incorporated those experiences into his novels. In order to achieve his goals, he began changing himself to fit socialRead More Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald and His Work Essay735 Words   |  3 PagesFrancis Scott Key Fitzgerald and His Work      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By the time F. Scott Fitzgerald published The Great Gatsby in 1925, he had already amassed an impressive literary resume. From his first commercial publication of the short story, Babes in the Woods at age 23 to The Sensible Thing at age 28, Fitzgerald published fourteen short stories, one play, two collections of short stories, and two novels. His first novel, This Side of Paradise, made Fitzgerald a celebrityRead More F. Scott Fitzgerald’s All the Sad Young Men Essay1271 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald’s All the Sad Young Men F. Scott Fitzgerald’s All the Sad Young Men was his sixth book. The work was composed of nine short stories that had been published in magazines such as the Saturday Evening Post over the course of the previous year. The work was Fitzgerald’s third short story collection and followed the Great Gatsby in publication on the 26th of February 1926. To most, this book signaled Fitzgerald’s staying power as many of his seniors had believed that his initialRead MoreLost Generation By F. Scott Fitzgerald1396 Words   |  6 PagesModernism. Modernism Literature reached its peak in America from the 1920s to the 1940s. F. Scott Fitzgerald was one of the most prominent representatives of this genre and entered Modernism in the United States above all as the first exponent of his ideas. In the works of Fitzgerald the topic â€Å"Lost generation† is in disastrous pursuit of wealth that swept the young post-war America. The fact that Fitzgerald wrote about rich people and their lives is almost always present critical and sober lookRead More Fitzgerald and Short Story Writing Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesFitzgerald and Short Story Writing Although Fitzgerald today is usually considered a novelist, in his lifetime he was more well-known for his short stories. He was a prolific writer of short stories, and published around 160 of them (Bruccoli xiii). Many literary critics often separate â€Å"Fitzgerald the novel writer† from â€Å"Fitzgerald the short story writer†. In his own life, Fitzgerald felt somewhat of a disconnection between his ‘literary’ career as a novelist and his more professionalRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Analysis1082 Words   |  5 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald describes the ambitions and the downfall of James Gatsby, a wealthy 1920s bootlegger in The Great Gatsby, hinting at the fallacy regarding the American Dream--one cannot achieve success simply through labor and valor. Gatsby, a poor officer, spent five years earning money in order to gain his lover, Daisy Buchanan’s, attention. Daisy, a wealthy, beautiful young woman, not only instigates Gatsbyâ€℠¢s quest for wealth, but also causes his death; Gatsby is murdered because he takesRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald and Modernism779 Words   |  3 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald and Modernism During the roaring twenties, the United States was a blemished nation. Crime and corruption were at an all-time high, the bootlegging business was booming, and throughout all this, people were euphoric. This time period during the nineteenth and twentieth century was captured by numerous artists, writers, musicians, and entertainers in their attempts to break from traditional values in what is known as modernism. A modernist is in simple terms a rebel. One who

Business Law For The Torts Of Negligence †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Law For The Torts Of Negligence. Answer: Tort is such an area of law, which is crucial for not only individuals, but also for the organizations, as it applies to a number of business situations. This is particularly for the torts of negligence and misrepresentation, along with certain other torts. There are a number of case laws which present the real life situations whereby not only the common people, but also the businesses had been indulged in tortious activities (Statsky, 2011). The rationale behind steering away from such torts lies in the fact that they are coupled with liabilities, which can cause huge losses to the businesses. There are a lot of requirements which have to be fulfilled for establishing the presence of any form of tort and this is dependent upon the particular type of tort in question. The torts not only attract the liability under the common law, but also attract the statutory laws particularly the Civil Liability Act of the particular jurisdiction in which the tortious act was undertaken (Trindade, Cane and Lunney, 2007). Through this essay, all these aspects which surround the torts related to the business situations have been elaborated, along with detailing certain other related aspects. Negligence is the very first and the most prominent tort which the businesses come across in their daily activities. The best manner of defining a tort is such a contravention of duty of care, which results in one party being injured due to the actions which the other party undertook, and this takes place when the first party knew that their actions could potentially injure the second party (Kennedy, 2009). As has been stated in the introductory section, there are some components/ elements/ rudiments which are required to establish a case of negligence. These are the duty of care, its resultant breach, harm or injury, foreseeable loss, proximity between parties, direct causation, and remoteness of loss. In case where any of these rudiments are missing, the claimant would fail in their claims (Kolah, 2013). The first step which is required to make a case of negligence is duty of care. The leading case in this regard is that of Snail in the bottle, which is fully known Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562. D was the consumer in this case, who bought a ginger beer bottle in a cafe. This bottle was manufactured by S and in this bottle was found a dead snail, which led to the contamination of the contents of this bottle and when D consumed it, she fell sick. As a result of this sickness, D brought an action before the court against S for negligence. S denied owing a duty of care and stated that the cafe should be made liable. However, the court ruled in favour of the plaintiff and upheld the negligence of D. The rationale for this decision was cited as the proximity between S and D, and the reasonable foreseeability of such contamination leading to sickness of consumer (Latimer, 2012). Another helpful case for establishing duty of care, through the threefold test given in it was that of Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605 (Lunney and Oliphant, 2013). This test requires that the need to establish that there have to be risk of harm in a foreseeable manner; there has to be proximity between parties; and lastly, if the penalties are to imposed, they would be deemed as fair (E-Law Resources, 2017a). The next requirement is to establish that the duty of care was contravened by the defendant. For this, the case of Paris v Stepney Borough Council [1951] AC 367 proves to be of help. In this case, the defendant did not provide the safety gear to the plaintiff even when his work had risk of the plaintiff getting hurt, where he had been employed by the defendant and the defendant knew that the plaintiff was already blind in one eye. When the plaintiff got blind, as a rusty bolt got loose and flew in plaintiffs good eye, effectively blinding the plaintiff completely, the court upheld the case of negligence due to the failure of the defendant in giving their worker, the requisite safety material (Martin and Lancer, 2013). There is a need for the loss to be reasonably foreseeable and in this regard, the view of an unbiased prudent person has to be undertaken, as was held in Wyong Shire Council v Shirt (1980) 146 CLR 40, by the judges of this case (Jade, 2017a). Where the losses are remote, the damages are not awarded to the plaintiff as was seen in the Wagon Mound case, i.e., Overseas Tankship (UK) Ltd v Morts Dock and Engineering Co Ltd [1961] UKPC 2 (H2O, 2016). There is also a need to show that the injury resulted directly from the breach of duty of care of the defendant. Once all these requirements are present, a case of negligence would stand (Turner, 2013). Misrepresentation refers to the false statement which is made by an individual to induce the other party in getting into the contract. Misrepresentation falls both under thecontract law andtort law due to it touching both the jurisdictions of this law. The false statement which is made needs to be one of fact and not an opinion (Cartwright, 2012). A leading real life example of this can be established through the case of Bisset v Wilkins [1927] AC 177, where the statement was of opinion and not fact (E-Law Resources, 2017b). Smith v Land and House Property Corp (1884) 28 Ch D 7 presented another key point which is required to make a case of misrepresentation. As per this case, if the person was in position of knowing that the statement being made is false, then the case of misrepresentation would stand (E-Law Resources, 2017c). Also, reliance has to be made on the false statement which had been made. Due to the lack of reliance in Horsfall v Thomas [1862] 1 HC 90, the claim of misrep resentation was quashed (E-Law Resources, 2017d). In the day to day business, the entities have to deal with customers and they interact with them regularly. This interaction can often result in a misrepresentation or a case of negligence being made against the company (Gibson and Fraser, 2014). In such cases, the businesses have to take extra care that the chances of such a case being made are reduced, by being diligent in their work. A case of misrepresentation was made in Smith New Court Securities v Scrimgeour Vickers [1996] 3 WLR 1051, where the company claimed that they had certain bids. But, they actually had zero bids. Hence, the case of misrepresentation succeeded (E-Law Resources, 2017e). When the party is injured, as a result of negligence of another party, such party can make a claim of tort against the breaching party in the relevant court of law. And in making the case of tort, be it misrepresentation or negligence, the components stated above have to be shown to exist in a clear manner. And on the basis of their claim, they can apply for damages for physical injury, economic loss, or emotional distress. In case of misrepresentation, the aggrieved party can get the contract rescinded, or can apply for monetary compensation (Latimer, 2012). As there was an absence of the defendant paying heed to the warnings regarding possibility of fire, it was deemed as a failure of duty, and so, in Vaughan v Menlove (1837) 132 ER 490, the defendant was not awarded any damages (Commonlii, 2017). There are different defences which the defendants can use, when a case of tort is made against them. The very basic one in this regard is to show that the components required to make the relevant case, were absent. Further, for a case of misrepresentation, they can show that they had reasons to believe that the statement being made by them was true, or at least were true at that particular instance (Poole, 2014). In cases of negligence, the businesses can apply the defense of contributory negligence and volenti non fit injuria (Navin, 2016). Under volenti non fit injuria, it is established that the plaintiff was clearly aware of the fact that there was presence of a particular risk of injury or harm. Once a case of volenti non fit injuria is shown successfully, the injured party is not required to be reimbursed in any manner (Turner, 2013). A real life example of this is that of ICI Ltd v Shatwell [1965] AC 656. In this particular instance, the court rejected the plea of the brothers and held that they clearly knew that risk was present by using short wire (E-Law Resources, 2017f). Similarly, in Insurance Commissioner v Joyce [1948] HCA 17, by wilfully accepting the ride from a drunk driver, the passenger voluntarily assumed the risk of harm (Jade, 2017b). The discussion which was carried on till now was related only to the common law. For instance, in the jurisdiction of South Australia, the Misrepresentation Act, 1972 is applicable (Austlii, 2017). As per this act, the court can give the verdict that a particular sale is unlawful and this gives the consumer the right to rescind the contract (Legal Services Commission, 2009). Similarly, for the case of negligence, the Civil Liability Act, 2002 is applicable in the state of New South Wales. The requirements for making a case of negligence are stated under different sections. For instance, in section 5B the duty of care is not considered to be violated, as long as it can be proved that there was a presence of significant risk of harm, in a foreseeable manner and a prudent person would have taken all the steps to avoid its occurrence. This act also provides sections for contributory negligence, which is another defence which can be used by the businesses. Under section 5S, the damages aw arded to the plaintiff can be reduced fully where the court considers it fit to do so (Legislation NSW, 2015). Hence, the public and statutory authorities play a crucial role when it comes to establishing cases of torts. There is also a need to clearly provide that the businesses do not face only possibilities of these two torts, but also different other torts; included in this are the business torts like fraud, defamation, tortious interference, and injurious falsehood. So, when the businesses communicate with their consumers, they need to make sure that they do not insult them or state something against their competitor which is not true and which is stated with the aim of bringing the image of the competitor down, as it can give rise to a claim of defamation. Every tort brings with it penalties, which are particularly hefty in terms of monetary compensation which is to be awarded to the injured or hurt parties. Not only the company suffers monetary losses, which could be used for other purposes, the company also has to bear a negated impact over its reputation, which needs to be avoided (Barnett and Harder, 2014). Thus, it can be effectively concluded that the torts are such a civil liability, which needs to be avoided by the businesses as they bring with them, hefty penalties. There are a number of torts which have to be taken care of, while running the daily business of the organization and the key one in these are that of negligence and misrepresentation. The preceding parts highlighted the different requirements which have to be present to make a case of negligence and misrepresentation, along with the possible defences which can be cited under the common law, as well as, under the statutory law, based on the jurisdiction in which the tort was committed. The case laws quoted in the discussion showed the different instances in which different parties were held accountable and were made to pay damages owing to the presence of a tortious element. Hence, it is crucial for the businesses to conduct its operations in such a manner that no tort is committed. And where it is committed, the compani es need to adequately compensate the injured party, before the court imposes a penalty for undertaking the tortious act. References Austlii. (2017) Misrepresentation Act 1972. [Online] Austlii. Available from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdb/au/legis/sa/consol_act/ma1972224/ [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Barnett, K., and Harder, S. (2014) Remedies in Australian Private Law. Victoria: Cambridge University Press. Cartwright, J. (2012) Misrepresentation, Mistake and Non-disclosure. 3rd ed. London: Sweet Maxwell. Commonlii. (2017) Vaughan v Menlove. [Online] Commonlii. Available from: https://www.commonlii.org/uk/cases/EngR/1837/424.pdf [Accessed on: 18/09/17] E-Law Resources. (2017a) Caparo Industries PLC v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605 House of Lords. [Online] E-Law Resources. Available from: https://e-lawresources.co.uk/cases/Caparo-Industries-v-Dickman.php [Accessed on: 18/09/17] E-Law Resources. (2017b) Bisset v Wilkinson [1927] AC 177 Privy Council. [Online] E-Law Resources. Available from: https://www.e-lawresources.co.uk/Bisset-v-Wilkinson.php [Accessed on: 18/09/17] E-Law Resources. (2017c) Smith v Land and House Property Corp (1884) 28 Ch D 7. [Online] E-Law Resources. Available from: https://www.e-lawresources.co.uk/Smith-v-Land-and-House-Property-Corp.php [Accessed on: 18/09/17] E-Law Resources. (2017d) Horsfall v Thomas [1862] 1 HC 90. [Online] E-Law Resources. Available from: https://www.e-lawresources.co.uk/Horsfall-v-Thomas.php [Accessed on: 18/09/17] E-Law Resources. (2017e) Smith New Court Securities v Scrimgeour Vickers [1996] 3 WLR 1051. [Online] E-Law Resources. Available from: https://www.e-lawresources.co.uk/Smith-New-Court-Securities-v-Scrimgeour-Vickers.php [Accessed on: 18/09/17] E-Law Resources. (2017f) Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd v Shatwell [1965] AC 656 House of Lords. [Online] E-Law Resources. Available from: https://www.e-lawresources.co.uk/Imperial-Chemical-Industries-Ltd-v-Shatwell.php [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Gibson, A., and Fraser, D. (2014) Business Law 2014. 8th ed. Melbourne: Pearson Education Australia. H2O. (2016) Wagon Mound (No. 1) -- "The Oil in the Wharf Case". [Online] H2O. Available from: https://h2o.law.harvard.edu/collages/4919 [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Jade. (2017a) Wyong Shire Council v Shirt. [Online] Jade. Available from: https://jade.io/j/?a=outlineid=66842 [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Jade. (2017b) Insurance Commissioner v Joyce. [Online] Jade. Available from: https://jade.io/article/64545 [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Kennedy, R. (2009) Duty of Care in the Human Services: Mishaps, Misdeeds ad the Law. Victoria: Cambridge University Press. Kolah, A. (2013) Essential Law for Marketers. 2nd ed. United States: Kogan Page Limited. Latimer, P. (2012) Australian Business Law 2012. 31st ed. Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Legal Services Commission. (2009) Misrepresentation. [Online] Legal Services Commission. Available from: https://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch10s02s10.php [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Legislation NSW. (2015) Civil Liability Act 2002 No 22. [Online] New South Wales Government. Available from: https://www.legislation.nsw.gov.au/#/view/act/2002/22 [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Lunney, M., and Oliphant, K. (2008) Tort Law: Text and Materials. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press. Lunney, M., and Oliphant, K. (2013) Tort Law: Text and Materials. 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Navin, M. (2016) Values and Vaccine Refusal: Hard Questions in Ethics, Epistemology, and Health Care. Oxon: Routledge. Poole, J. (2014) Textbook on Contract Law. 13th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Statsky, W.P. (2011) Essentials of Torts. 3rd ed. New York: Cengage Learning. Trindade, F., Cane, P., and Lunney, M. (2007) The law of torts in Australia. 4th ed. South Melbourne: Oxford University Press. Turner, C. (2013) Unlocking Torts. 3rd ed. Oxon: Routledge.

Living Justice Catholic Social Teaching in Action

Introduction Ethics are an unwritten code. They are believed to be imprinted in the core of men, and are a guide in choosing to do the right or wrong thing. They are associated with our conscience, which guides everyone, such that when one is doing or has done something wrong, one is bound to feel guilty.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Living Justice: Catholic Social Teaching in Action specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Liberation as seen in the bible and the church The book, The Living Justice, talks about the Bible and the many encounters God had with the people of Israel. This was his chosen people, but their lives were not always smooth. They were generations that rose from the house of Joseph and his twelve brothers. The brothers came to Egypt in search of grain and water, in the time of drought. They were welcomed by their brother, Joseph, whom they had sold to foreigners, who were passing through their fath er’s lands. Joseph had then been promoted for his good works through the grace of God, to become Pharaoh’s right hand man. The household of Jacob continued to grow in Egypt, and the Egyptians became wary of their numbers, and they were taken as slaves. During their time as slaves, they were mistreated. When the worst came to the worst, and their population had grown beyond proportions, Pharaoh gave an order to have all the newborn males killed so that he could reduce the possibility of having Egyptians being toppled by the Israelites (Jones 121). In the end, God heard their cry and selected Moses to liberate them. He had been brought up with Pharaoh, as his brother, but he had to rise against him. He asked Pharaoh to let the Israelites go, but Pharaoh was adamant and he refused. God then brought upon the Egyptians, the ten plagues that saw them suffer. The final plague, the death of all the Egyptian first borns was the last stroke and Pharaoh finally let up, and decide d to let them go. This shows that God is just and powerful. He fought the battle for the Israelites; they were weak and oppressed. They had lost hope, and He delivered them from the Land of slavery. Similarly, the church is portrayed as a savior. It is depicted, in several occasions, to come up to to the help of those that are in need and oppressed. For instance, many health care facilities sprouted from the charitable works of the church. They also provide trained personnel and subsidized or free treatment.Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Secondly, many schools have been set up by churches to help educate the less fortunate, either for free or at subsidized prices. Thirdly, the church has been seen to come to the aid of those that are dominated over. For instance, they care for the orphans, widows, widowers, the sick and other less privileged people. They counsel them, give them shelter and offer any other service they may require. The people who mainly offer services in the church are the laymen in the church, nuns, brothers and sisters. The brethren can also volunteer to offer their services. Churches are also involved in the building of children homes and other forms of shelter for the less fortunate. This, therefore, shows that the church tries to offer justice to those that are unlikely to access easy help (Massaro 1-16). Justice in the Bible and Church In the case of the Israelites, they were refined through fire and brimstone as they were taken through a wilderness, where they suffered some challenges. It was at this time that they became disobedient and wished they were back in Egypt, where they claimed they had food and drink. This prompted Moses to strike the rock in anger, contrary to what God had told him. This led to Moses not entering the land of Canaan. In addition to that, the Israelites went to the length of worshipping a golden calf made from mel ted jewels. This provoked God and He decided that, as a form of punishment, the Israelites would not enter the Promised Land. The subsequent generations are the ones that entered the land. This shows that wrongs are supposed to be punished. In the same way, the church is involved in the alleviation of immorality. For instance, the Catholic Church may seem a bit too harsh when they excommunicate their church members after they commit fornication. By doing so, they discourage immorality among their congregation especially among the young people. The church and human rights The church also propagates the human rights. They recognize all people as equal, and no life is better than the other. It is, consequently, against abortion and the slaying of lives (Curran 56). The Lord gives, and He should, hence, be the one to take. It is also against the execution of convicts. At the end of the day, the church welcomes people of all kinds with open arms. It preaches forgiveness to its congregati on. Controversies The Catholic Church is on the forefront in the campaigns against abortions. They are justified to be fighting for that voiceless fetus, which cannot speak for itself. The fetus does not have the choice to live or not to live; its fate is decided by the carrier (Himes and Lisa 47).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Living Justice: Catholic Social Teaching in Action specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This may appear unfair, and the gravid mother to be may be crucified as a murderer, but in the Bible, Jesus said in the story of Mary Magdalene that he, who is without sin, should be the first to throw a stone. This goes to show that nobody is perfect. The pregnant mother may be having other children and cannot afford to have another. She could also be having a detrimental disease like heart failure and cannot carry the pregnancy to term. In such cases, I believe that the church should not impose on the mother to continue carrying the pregnancy as this will compromise both the mother and child. If it were to come to a choice between the two, the mother should be left to survive because she needs to take care of her other children. The pregnancy may also lead to her demise and after that, who will be left to take care of the newborn baby? The church also preaches forgiveness, but it also acts self righteously when it suspends fornicators form coming to church. The other query would also be why fornication is the only sin that attracts such a punishment, why not murder, adultery, robbery with violence and other acts that would considered as sin. The bible says that all sins are equal; hence, the church goes against it by making some sins seem greater than others. Works Cited Curran, Charles Edward. Catholic Social Teaching, 1891-present: A Historical, Theological, and Ethical Analysis. Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2002. Himes, Kenneth R., and Lisa Sowle Cahill. Moder n Catholic Social Teaching: Commentaries and Interpretations. Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2005. Jones, Alexander. The Jerusalem Bible. New York: Doubleday, 1966. Massaro, Thomas. Living justice: Catholic Social Teaching in Action. 2nd classroom ed. Lexington, Massachusetts: Rowman Littlefield Publishers, 2012.Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Living Justice: Catholic Social Teaching in Action was written and submitted by user Jerome D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.